{"id":1450,"date":"2019-06-15T06:29:24","date_gmt":"2019-06-15T06:29:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/marketgraphy.ir\/?p=1450"},"modified":"2022-08-21T23:07:14","modified_gmt":"2022-08-21T19:37:14","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%af-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%86%d9%be%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%da%98%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c%d9%86%da%af-%d8%a2%d9%86-%d9%88-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%db%8c%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marketgraphy.com\/fa\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%af-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%86%d9%be%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%da%98%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c%d9%86%da%af-%d8%a2%d9%86-%d9%88-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%db%8c%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0622\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u06f9\u06f7<\/span><\/a> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627<\/span> \u0633\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc<\/span> (<\/span>\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648<\/span>) <\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u2026 <\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647<\/span> \u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u00ab<\/span>\u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0634<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u067e\u06cc\u0634<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0627<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0642\u0628\u06cc\u0644<\/span> \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c<\/span> \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634<\/span> \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u063a\u0630\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0631\u0632\u0631\u0648<\/span> \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u062a\u0644\u060c<\/span> \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f<\/span> \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u06cc\u0637<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u0627\u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9\u062c\u0627<\/span> \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0637\u0628\u0642<\/span> \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0622\u0642\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0639\u0636\u0648<\/span> \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0641\u06a9\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u06a9\u0645\u06a9<\/span> \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/span> \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a<\/span> \u062f\u0631\u062f\u0635\u062f\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u0633\u0637\u062d<\/span> \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0637\u062d<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0637\u0628\u0642<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/span> \u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0641\u0635\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u06f9\u06f8<\/span> \u0633\u0648\u067e\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc\u060c<\/span> \u06af\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u062e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u06f9\u06f8\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u06cc<\/span> \u06af\u0648\u0634\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span> \u0642\u0635\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645<\/span> \u062a\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u060c<\/span>\u00a0\u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631<\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u00a0\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627<\/span> \u067e\u0646\u062c<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0634\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/a>

\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/p><\/div>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632\u060c<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/span>: <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u067e<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u2026 <\/span>\u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. (<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/span> \u06cc\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645<\/span> (Either acquisition or merger) <\/span>\u062f\u0648<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a<\/span> \u0632\u0648\u062f\u0641\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0634\u062f<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627<\/span> \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c<\/span> sub-branding <\/span>\u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u06cc\u0627<\/span> \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u0635\u062a\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u062e\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f<\/span> \u0642\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0646\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0622\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0632<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0639\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> (Relatedness) <\/span>\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642<\/span> \u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> (<\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span>) <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639<\/span> \u06cc\u0627<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0637\u0648\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c<\/span> \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> (<\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span>) <\/span>\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0645<\/span> (<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u060c<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u0633<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u2026) <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> (Relatedness) <\/span>\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u067e\u0631\u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0627\u0635<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648\u060c<\/span> \u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u2026 <\/span>\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0632\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> Sub-branding<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u0686\u0634\u0645<\/span> \u06af\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635<\/span> \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0644<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> individual branding <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> (<\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span>) <\/span>\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062e\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span>\u00a0Sub-branding<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u062a\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u063a\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u063a\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u06a9\u0645\u06a9<\/span> \u0634\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span> \u0646\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u0627<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u062b\u0631<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc<\/span> (Halo effect) <\/span>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u067e\u0644<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> iPhone, iPad, iwatch, iPod <\/span>\u0648<\/span> \u2026 <\/span>\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u067e\u0644<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> Sub-branding <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> FedEx <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> Express, Ground, Freight, Custom critical, Trade Networks <\/span>\u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0646\u06cc\u0632<\/span> \u0642\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u06f9\u06f7\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0637\u0648\u0631<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> (Relatedness) <\/span>\u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0645\u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span><\/strong> Sub-branding<\/strong> <\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u060c<\/span> \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/span> \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644<\/span>\/<\/span>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062c<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/span> \u0632\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0646\u0633<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/span> \u0632\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u0686\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> (Relatedness) <\/span>\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u06cc\u0632<\/span> \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0641<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0647\u062f\u0641<\/span> \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0646\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span> \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u062f\u0631\u06af\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u062f\u0631\u06af\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0633\u0628\u0628<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634<\/span> \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u062f\u0631\u06af\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644<\/span> \u0639\u062f\u0645<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u06f1\u06f3\u06f9\u06f7\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u060c<\/span> \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> (Brand extension) <\/span>\u0647\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/span> \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627<\/span> \u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0633\u0628<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0633\u0639\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637<\/span> \u0642\u0648\u062a\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u062e\u0634<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span> \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> Brand extension <\/span>\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0633\u067e\u0633<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0633\u0628<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0642\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/span> \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647<\/span> \u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0634\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0645<\/span> \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u062f\u0641<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u2026 <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0634<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u00a0 (Brand extension)<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0631\u063a\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> sub-branding <\/span>\u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u06af\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> (Brand extension) <\/span>\u0647\u0645\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0628\u0639\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0633\u0628\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u062a<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/span> \u0646\u06cc\u0632<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u062e<\/span> \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u00a0<\/span>(Brand extension)<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0639\u062f\u0645<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span> \u06cc\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0631\u062f\u0633\u0631<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> sub-branding <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647<\/span> (Positioning) <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/span> \u0632\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0633\u0628\u0628<\/span> \u06a9\u0645<\/span> \u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0630\u0647\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0641<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u0635<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0622\u06cc\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> (Relatedness) <\/span>\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a<\/span> \u06cc\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u062f\u0648<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u062a\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u06cc\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u067e\u0631\u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0641<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u0631\u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0637\u0648\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u067e<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u060c<\/span> \u0631\u0642\u06cc\u0628<\/span> \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u0633<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635<\/span> \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span> (<\/span>\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0644<\/span>) <\/span>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u062a<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u062e\u0634<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a<\/span> \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u062f<\/span> (<\/span>\u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a<\/span> \u063a\u0630\u0627<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062d\u0645\u0644<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0644<\/span>) <\/span>\u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u067e<\/span> ( <\/span>\u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0645<\/span>) <\/span>\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u06cc<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0633\u0628\u0628<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0633\u0628\u0628<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634<\/span> \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> Sub branding <\/span>\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637<\/span> \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0631<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641<\/span> \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> Sub-branding <\/span>\u0647\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644<\/span>\/<\/span>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644<\/span>\/<\/span>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u067e\u0644<\/span> \u0631\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f<\/span> \u0646\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647<\/span> \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0639\u062f\u0645<\/span> \u0631\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0632<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> (Brand extension) <\/span>\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06a9<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06cc\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0637\u0648\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0644\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0622\u06cc\u062f\u060c<\/span>\u00a0\u0628\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u062a<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> (Brand associations) <\/span>\u0648<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span> (Relatedness) <\/span>\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc<\/span> \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> (Brand extension) <\/span>\u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u062f<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0632<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u06a9\u0633<\/span> \u0646\u06cc\u0632<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f<\/span>. (<\/span>\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e<\/span> \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0646\u06cc\u0632<\/span> \u0634\u062f<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0648<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0646\u06af\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u063a\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631<\/span> \u0686\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span> (Relatedness) <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span> \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06a9<\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f9\u06f7 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc (\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648) \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648 \u0648 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e \u0641\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0648 \u2026 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u06cc \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1849,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[89,507,560,561,562,559,78,563,564],"class_list":["post-1450","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7","tag-89","tag-507","tag-560","tag-561","tag-562","tag-559","tag-78","tag-563","tag-564"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0622\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc - \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e\u060c \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e \u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marketgraphy.com\/fa\/\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f-\u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e\u060c-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a-\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af-\u0622\u0646-\u0648-\u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0622\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc - \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e\u060c \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e \u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/marketgraphy.com\/fa\/\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f-\u0627\u0633\u0646\u067e\u060c-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a-\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af-\u0622\u0646-\u0648-\u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-15T06:29:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-08-21T19:37:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/marketgraphy.com\/fa\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2022-08-21-at-11.56.50-PM-min.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"355\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u06cc\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u06cc\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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